Glossary

Glossary

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 * Peptides **: Peptides contain about 40 monomer units (amino acid residues). They are smaller than proteins, which mostly contain between 100 to 1000 amino acid residues. The monomer units are joined together by peptide bonds similar to the peptide bonds in proteins.

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 * Oligonucleotides: ** Oligonucleotides are short fragments of nucleic acids that contain fifty or fewer nucleotides [1].

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 * Antibody **: Antibodies are globular proteins that are produced by the immune system to fight against foreign objects such as bacteria [1 ].

**Carbamate** : Carbamates are derivatives of carbamic acid, which is NH 2 COOH. Return to Spatially Addressable Parallel Approaches Page, Return to Front Page

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 * Vectors **: Vectors are DNA molecules that are used to transfer genes of interest into a host cell.

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 * Genome: ** Genome is defined as the complete set of genetic material present in an organism.

**Plasmid** : Plasmid is typically a circular, double-stranded DNA that is present in bacteria and replicates independently of the chromosomal DNA. Return to Biological Library Methods Page

**Consensus Polypeptide Sequence:** A consensus polypeptide sequence is a DNA sequence that encodes for a polypeptide and is present in a large set of independently determined sequences [1 ]. Return to Biological Library Methods Page

**Supramolecular Chemistry** : It is the "chemistry beyond the molecules" and focuses on the development on complex chemical systems from association of two or more species. These complex systems are held together by intermolecular forces. Return to Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Page

Figure 1 [4] : The Disulfide Exchange Return to Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Page ** Imine Exchange: **The reaction involves an exchange of -C=N functional group between reactants. Imine-based libraries are mostly based on aromatic aldehydes, as they from the most stable C=N adducts [4]. Return to Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Page ** Thioester Exchange and exchange of peptide bonds: ** Thioester exchange reactions are generally performed by adding stoichiometric amounts of thiols and thioesters in aqueous solution [4]. This reaction involves exchange of S between the thiol and the thioester ( S-CO). Figure 2 : Thioester exchange in polypeptides. Return to Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Page **Hydrazone Exchange:** This reaction involves an exchange of the nitrogen in the C=N of the hydrazone compounds. This exchange is only significant when the pH is 4 or below [4].
 * Disulfide Exchange: ** The reaction involves an attack via a thiolate anion and displacement of the other thiolate anion from the disulphide bond . These reactions are important in folding of proteins [4].

Figure 3 : The hydrazone exchange Return to Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Page ** Chaperonins: **They are large, double-ring oligomeric proteins that assist in correct folding, transport and degradation of other proteins in the human body. Return to Proteins Page ** E pitope-paratope interactions:  ** Antibodies have a paratope region, through which they can bind to a molecule's epitope region. Return to Cancer and Proteins Page **Idiotypic region:** These regions help antibodies to recognize specific target/antigen [8]  **.** Return to Substrate Assisted Molding Page**,** Return to Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Page, Return to Cancer and Proteins Page

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